Adding machines: Adding Machine Calculator

Adding Machine Calculator

Basic Calculator

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Adding Machine Tape:

 

 

Entry

Sub-Total

 

 

Delete

 

Total

=

0.00

 

 

 

This adding machine calculator is useful for keeping a running total or “paper tape” when adding or subtracting money as in balancing your checkbook, doing your taxes, or any other calculation where you need to double check your entries. Input values and operators in the calculator, and review your math above. Print the adding machine “tape” to save a record of your calculations.

There is a memory limit of 100 entries but you can click the “Reset” button to clear all entries and start fresh.

Adding Machine Operation and Settings

  • auto mode allows you to use this adding machine with only your keypad, using numbers, decimals, operators, and the Enter key.
  • auto decimal mode is the same as auto mode but assumes your entry has 2 decimal places. For example, if you enter 5236 in
    auto decimal mode and hit the Enter key, the calculator will insert a decimal point before the last two digits so your entry becomes 52.36. If you want to enter exactly 52 in
    auto decimal mode you must enter 5200.

For both auto and
auto decimal modes, the default function is addition (+). If you input only numbers and hit enter, the calculator will add the numbers. You can use your keypad to insert any operator before your number entry. Use + – * and / keys for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division respectively.

You can also input numbers with a trailing % sign to make the operand a percentage of the current total. For example, if the current total is 300 and you enter +20%, the calculator will find 20% of 300 (which is 60) and will add that number to the total. The new total is 360.

auto mode examples

(default operation is +)

25 <enter> 25 <enter> 25 <enter>

25+25+25=75

-25 <enter> -25 <enter> +25 <enter>

-25-25+25=-25

25 <enter> *25 <enter> /5 <enter>

25*25=625

625/5=125

25 <enter> *25 <enter> /5 <enter> +20%

25*25=625

625/5=125

125+(20% of 125)

125+25=150

Calculating a Sales Tax

Calculate a 6.

25% tax on your total by entering +6.25% last.

This example calculation with the online adding machine calculator will calculate the sales tax for an itemized purchase.

Suppose you sold three items priced at 26.95, 14.75 and 9.99 and you must collect a sales tax of 6.25% along with the total purchase. Enter the following (+26.95 <enter> +14.75 <enter> +9.99 <enter> 6.25% <enter>). Your calculator tape will show the subtotal of 51.69, a 6.25% tax of 3.23 and a total of 54.92 as in the image below.

For additional help balancing your checkbook, see our
Checkbook Balance Calculator.

 

Last updated: November 12, 2018

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Back to school made easy

This back-to-school season, the right supplies can help you start the year on a positive note. Whether you’re a teacher looking to stock your classroom, a parent hoping to set your child up for a successful year, or a student yourself, Staples has all the school supplies you need to be successful. Shop our wide variety of back-to-school supplies, from learning games and toys to school tech.

Shopping for your classroom

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Spring (Cleaning) is in the air

Spring cleaning and decluttering is a tradition meant to refresh our spaces for the year ahead. Staples has everything you need to clear out the clutter, store and organize your belongings, and all the right cleaning supplies.

Clear out the clutter

Start by preparing a checklist and make sure you have all the necessary supplies. Use storage bins and a label maker to make sorting and organizing easier. Prepare extra boxes for donations and trash bags for the things you no longer need. Look for decorative boxes & baskets that will compliment your home’s décor and use them to organize. You can also use closet organizers and storage drawers anywhere they are needed.

Start with the basics

An all-purpose cleaner, cleaning brush and microfiber cloths will clean most surfaces. Use a duster to remove unwanted dirt and furniture polish to revitalize wood surfaces. Upgrade your broom, dustpan, wet mop, and vacuum to make cleaning any type of flooring a breeze.

The nitty gritty

Spring cleaning doesn’t stop there. There’s so much you can do to reset your home:

  • Improve air quality and eliminate pollen and pet dander with a new air purifier and an air freshener with a scent you love.
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The development of calculating machines from ancient times to the present day

You might think that the calculating machine is a modern phenomenon. However, mankind began to invent counting devices long before the first computers appeared.

The very first human helpers in counting were fingers. With their help, our distant ancestors indicated to each other how many hunters are needed to surround and drive the beast. The prey also required an account – it was necessary to determine how much meat the members of the tribe would receive. So soon five fingers were not enough. Therefore, ancient people began to count with the help of pebbles and bones, laying them out on the sand in the flickering light of a fire.

However, over time, the number of sticks grew, and soon numbers for tens and hundreds were needed. The account was needed to calculate the time of the birth of children, to keep a record of calving livestock and to know when crops would sprout in order to predict solar and lunar eclipses. The researchers are also confident that trading has become an important milestone in the development of the account. How to explain that five skins are equal to ten baskets of meat? Or thirty bags of vegetables? There was a need for universal designations, and human thinking made an ascent to abstraction, turning to the idea of ​​numbers as such.

What tools have helped humanity?

Ancient people made notches on bones and stones and carried these sticks with them, or left lines on the walls of dwellings. One of the oldest devices that is not that far removed from the bones on the floor of the cave is, of course, the abacus. In fact, they are the same bones (wood, pebbles), only strung on knitting needles, which were fixed in the frame.

Their close relative is the abacus counting board, which appeared in Babylon about five thousand years ago. Obviously, we owe its appearance to the stormy Babylonian trade. If the classical abacus, as they are known in Russia, are based on the positional decimal number system, then the Babylonian abacus used sexagesimal. Such an original way of counting comes, like most number systems, from the proportions of the human body – more precisely, from the number of phalanges of fingers on one hand (not counting the big one).

Variations of counting boards were found in all ancient cultures. In Japan they are called soroban, in China they are called sunpan. The Romans made abacus out of metal, moving the knuckles in the grooves of a metal board, and the Aztecs made out of corn kernels. The Incas used a “multi-story” device called the yupana to count grains.

  • The very first helpers of mankind in the account
  • Notched bone found in Dolni Vestonica. Its age is almost 30,000 years.
  • Ancient Roman abacus.

    Reconstruction

  • Japanese children assemble soroban at the factory. 1949

However, people have always sought to simplify their lives by creating more and more complex devices that would take the need to count. With the growth of cities and the development of industry, the need for them only increased. In the 17th century, logarithmic tables and rulers appeared. Scottish mathematician John Napier invented the calculating instrument known as Napier’s sticks. Having gained great popularity for a while, Napier’s sticks, however, were soon abandoned. But the calculator turned out to be more promising. Invented in antiquity, it was rediscovered during the Enlightenment and received well-deserved recognition. Previously, a diagram of a mechanism similar to an adding machine was depicted by Leonardo da Vinci, who, as usual, was ahead of his time: then his idea was not successful.

Napier’s sticks

How did calculating machines develop?

In general terms, a calculating machine is a device that operates on gears and cylinders, which performs four basic mathematical operations. Recording counting machines can also record results automatically on tape. The principle of counting is based on bitwise addition and shifting the sum of partial products. Blaise Pascal, who designed the Pascaline adding machine in 1646, and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz created their own versions of the adding machine: his adding machine had a knob, the rotation of which accelerated repetitive operations.

Also to be mentioned is the computing machine developed by Charles Babbage in the 19th century. She could perform calculations up to the twentieth decimal place, suitable for operations with logarithms and trigonometric functions. The program for her was compiled by Ada Lovelace, the first woman programmer, and indeed the first programmer in the world. It is she who owns the terms “cycle” and “working cell”.

  • Blaise Pascal adding machine. 1642
  • Leibniz adding machine. 1673
  • An element of Charles Babbage’s analytical engine.

    1910

There were many models of calculating machines. For example, the Curta pocket adding machine, released in 1948, was about the size of a human fist.

At the end of the 19th century, inventor William Burroughs patented his adding machine and founded the Burroughs Corporation, a computer manufacturing company. His son continued the business, but his grandson, also William Burroughs, was much more interested in literature than computers, and became one of the significant figures of the beatnik generation.

Facit and Mercedes brands produced adding meters (not the one that produces cars: the office equipment manufacturer sued the automaker for the name, as a result of which they agreed that each company had its own field of activity). And in the USSR, the most popular adding machine was named after Dzerzhinsky “Felix”, which was produced by the “Scheotmash” plant until 1978.

While possessing the beauty characteristic of mechanical devices, adding machines still had significant drawbacks. The order of actions was always set manually, so the result of the count was highly dependent on the attentiveness of the operator, who needed to press a key to perform each action. Arithmometers were in circulation until the second half of the twentieth century, when they were finally replaced by electronic calculating devices.

  • Curta Liechtenstein pocket adding machine. 1948
  • Soviet adding machine “Felix”
  • William Burroughs, who loved typewriters much more than calculating machines. 1959, Paris. Loomis Dean—Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images

Electronic breakthrough

A real breakthrough in the development of computer technology occurred in the 60s of the twentieth century.

In 1957, the Japanese company Casio released the first fully electronic calculator 14-A. The event was a milestone, because it opened a new era in the world of counting, but this model did not change the life of office workers and engineers, because the calculator weighed as much as 140 kg.

The first compact, and therefore mass, calculator was Anita, released by the English company Bell in 1961. It worked on gas discharge lamps and was equipped with keys for entering a number and a multiplier. Since then, the functions of calculators have become more and more serious, and the calculators themselves have become more and more light and smart.

For example, in 1965, the first desktop electronic calculator with built-in memory Casio 001 appeared. It weighed only 17 kilograms, which at that time was not much for a machine capable of memorizing operations, and two years later, the first desktop programmable calculator Casio appeared AL-1000.

However, this was not enough for users of calculators, because the calculating device is much more convenient to hold in your hand and carry with you. This is how Sharp and Canon calculators appeared, which weighed less than a kilogram.

Here are some more landmark innovations from the Japanese brand Casio that have significantly changed the idea of ​​what calculators are capable of.

  • Connector.
    1972

    The Casio Mini Pocket Calculator was born and broke all records. And after a while, the company released a miniature version, the Casio Mini Card, the size of a credit card.

  • Connector.
    1985

    The company launched the FX-7000G calculator, the world’s first programmable graphing calculator available to the general public with a 96×64 pixel dot matrix display. This model can display both built-in graphs and those built by the user. In addition to the graphic display mode, the calculator has a BASIC programming function.

  • Connector.
    1990

    Five years later, the Casio CFX-9 calculator hit the shelves800G, which for the first time had the ability to make graphs in different colors. In fact, a color display has been added. Unlike modern screens, it was tri-color and worked on reflected light. This made it possible to draw each graph with its own color, which made the graphic displays of functions much more visual.

  • Connector.
    2003

    Casio releases the CASIO ClassPad 300, the first large touch screen calculator. The model had a computer algebra system (CAS), which allows the transformation of expressions in analytical (symbolic) form.

  • Connector.
    2004

    The Casio FX-82ES Calculator with Natural Display technology is introduced, allowing you to enter expressions naturally, just as they appear on paper. For example, enter ordinary fractions, square roots, exponents and logarithms in the form adopted in textbooks. As a result, the number of errors in calculations is reduced, the calculation time is reduced and the interest of students is increased.

  • Connector.
    2010

    Casio’s fx-CG20 PRIZM calculator is an evolution of the first model released in 2010. Unlike its predecessors, it had a high resolution full color screen. The model, despite the backlit screen, has not lost in energy efficiency and is able to work for months on one set of batteries.

Now calculators have not only become compact and lightweight, but also mastered a lot of functions that can be useful to anyone who needs accurate and complex calculations. Now there are scientific calculators that can calculate with fractions, calculate vectors and matrices, perform metric conversions and solve equations, graphing calculators that allow you to create tables and build graphs from a picture, as well as financial calculators that can cope with the calculation of bonds and other needs. financier.

To date, the flagship graphic model is the Casio FX-CG50 calculator with a high-resolution color screen, the ability to build 3D graphics, a programming mode, and support for vector and matrix calculations.

So the counting device has evolved from a board with bones to a small powerful computer, retaining, nevertheless, the main property – the ability to make life easier for a person, freeing his mind for strategic decisions.

Money counting machine (banknote counter). How to choose a money counting machine

A counting machine or bill counter is a device designed to count cash. Many models have additional functions: checking the authenticity of banknotes, sorting money by face value and dilapidation, etc. Calculating machines are used in shops, service establishments, offices, logistics companies, bank branches and currency vaults.

Classification of counting machines

Counters without additional functions are called bill counting machines. These devices do not recognize denominations of banknotes, do not sort money and do not check their authenticity. They only determine the number of banknotes in a pack.

According to the level of mobility, meters are divided into 2 groups:

  1. Portable. Battery operated. Can be charged from a car battery. The charge lasts for 5-6 hours. Counting speed: 500-800 banknotes per minute.
  2. Stationary. Models with an enlarged body. Counting speed 1000-2000 banknotes per minute.

Stationary models are divided into semi-professional and professional (banking). All bank grade counters have additional features. They can work up to 24 hours with breaks. Counting speed: up to 2000 bills per minute. Up to 8 detections are present. Mertech was the first to make bank grade meters available to a wide range of users.

How does a calculating machine work?

Each adding machine has a roller system inside. When the user loads a stack of bills into the receiving tray and turns on the machine, the rollers begin to move. They grab banknotes one at a time and pass them along the internal path.

There is a light beam inside the device that is temporarily interrupted when banknotes pass through. The system counts the number of interruptions and displays the result on the scoreboard.

Advanced counters determine the dilapidation of money. By dilapidation, banknotes are divided into 3 classes:

  • ATM. New money recently put into circulation.
  • Medium. Undamaged money with signs of use.
  • Dilapidated. Banknotes with gaps, missing fragments.

Some models allow you to adjust the counting speed. This is useful for dealing with old money that can tear if caught quickly. When the functionality of the counter is combined with the detector, during the movement of the bill along the path, it is checked for authenticity.

Additional functions

Budget machines recognize money inserted in a certain way. For advanced counters, the direction of the banknote feed and the front side do not matter. They allow you not to waste time preparing packs for testing. These models are suitable for intensive work.

Most counters have additional functions:

  1. Sorting banknotes by face value.
  2. Sorting money according to the degree of dilapidation.
  3. Calculation of the sum of denominations.
  4. Checking money for authenticity.
  5. Packing of a given number of banknotes.
  6. Working with dollars and euros.

All operations are carried out automatically. The results of counting, checking and packaging are not affected by the human factor. Advanced models recognize double, damaged and half banknotes.

Packing range can be adjusted. If there is not enough money to pack a full pack, the system displays an inscription on the display. After loading the required number of banknotes into the receiving tray, the operation is completed.

Built-in detection types

Mertech manufactures counters with detectors. They identify suspicious banknotes during counting. This feature speeds up the work with cash. Instead of two different machines, you can use one machine.

Several detections are required to accurately determine the authenticity of a banknote. Mertech professional counters have 8 types of detections:

  1. Ultraviolet. Checking for marks visible under UV light.
  2. Infrared. Analysis of metameric infrared dyes.
  3. Magnetic. Checking paint with ferromagnetic pigment.
  4. Geometric. Analysis of paper dimensions and optical density.
  5. Analysis of CIS tags.
  6. Optical density control.
  7. Spectral analysis of paint.
  8. Image Recognition Scanner

Banknotes are checked automatically. The operator does not need to know the signs of genuine and counterfeit money. Having found a suspicious banknote, the system gives sound and light. It is impossible to miss even with an intense background noise.

User manual

Each Mertech meter model comes with an instruction manual. Consider the general principles of working with counting machines. Before starting work, you need to load the stack into the receiving tray. If the machine has an auto start, you must press the Auto button to start counting. If this function is not available, you must manually set the account parameters.

Menu function values:

  • SP. Setting the counting speed.
  • ADD. Summation of denominations.
  • CUR. Currency selection (if there is no automatic detection).
  • BATCH or BTH. Packing. The amount of money in a pack is set using the keyboard.
  • DOUBLE. Search for double banknotes.

Some models can connect a remote display and keyboard.

Benefits of Mertech

Calculators

Benefits of Mertech

Calculators

  • Gentle flipping without the risk of banknote damage.
  • Quiet operation of the mechanism: noise level up to 85 Db.
  • Informative LCD display on C3, C4 models.
  • Intelligent Anti-Stokes Analysis System.
  • Checking the availability of CIS tags.
  • Free firmware update via USB port.
  • Warranty period: 2 years.

On our website you can buy banknote counters and calculating machines with built-in detection.